Walter de Heer

Regents' Professor

Education

Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley, CA, 1984

Research

NPEG: Nano Patterned Epitaxial Graphene, Nanoclusters in Beams

Other Publications

1. "Epitaxially-grown graphite on silicon carbide, pyrolitic graphite and graphene: a Raman scattering study", C. Faugeras, A. Nerriere, M. Potemski, A. Mahmood, E. Dujardin, C. Berger, W.A. de Heer submitted (2007). [ARCHIVE]
2. "Substrate-induced band gap opening in epitaxial graphene", S.Y. Zhou, G.-H. Gweon, A.V. Fedorov, P.N. First, W.A. de Heer, D.-H. Lee, F. Guinea, A.H. Castro Neto, A. Lanzara Nature Materials 6, 770 - 775 (2007). [ARCHIVE]
3. "Probing the high-energy limit of massless Dirac fermions in multi-layer graphene", P. Plochocka, C. Faugeras, M. Orlita, M.L. Sadowski, G. Martinez, M. Potemski, M.O. Goerbig, J.-N. Fuchs, C. Berger, W.A. de Heer submitted (2007). [ARCHIVE]
4. "Rotational stacking and its electronic effects on graphene films grown on 4H-SiC(000¯1)", J. Hass, F.Varchon, J.E. Millán-Otoya, M. Sprinkle, W.A. de Heer, C. Berger, P.N. First, L. Magaud, E.H. Conrad submitted (2007). [ARCHIVE]
5. "Epitaxial graphene", Walt A. de Heer, Claire Berger, Xiaosong Wu, Phillip N. First, Edward H. Conrad, Xuebin Li, Tianbo Li, Michael Sprinkle, Joanna Hass, Marcin L. Sadowski, Marek Potemski, Gerard Martinez Solid State Communications 143 (1-2), 92-100 (2007). [ARCHIVE]
6. "Magnetospectroscopy of epitaxial few-layer graphene", M.L. Sadowski, G. Martinez, M. Potemski, C. Berger, W.A. de Heer Solid State Communication 143 (1-2), 123-125 (2007). [ARCHIVE]
7. "Magnetotransport in high mobility epitaxial graphene", Claire Berger, Zhimin Song, Xuebin Li, Xiaosong Wu, Nate Brown, Duncan Maud, Cécile Naud, Walt A. de Heer Physica Status Solidi A 204 (6), 1746-1750 (2007). [ARCHIVE]
8. "Structural properties of the multi-layer graphene/4H-SiC(000¯1) system as determined by Surface X-ray Diffraction", J. Hass, R. Feng, J.E. Millán-Otoya, X. Li, M. Sprinkle, P. N. First, C. Berger, W. A. de Heer, and E. H. Conrad Physical Rev. B 75 (21), 214109 (2007). [ARCHIVE]
9. "Electronic structure of epitaxial graphene layers on SiC: effect of the substrate", F. Varchon, R. Feng, J. Hass, X. Li, B. Ngoc Nguyen, C. Naud, P. Mallet, J.-Y. Veuillen, C. Berger, E.H. Conrad, and L. Magaud Physical Review Letters 99, 126805 (2007). [ARCHIVE]
10. "Electron states of mono- and bilayer graphene on SiC probed by STM", P. Mallet, F. Varchon, C. Naud, L. Magaud, C. Berger, and J.-Y. Veuillen Physical Review B 76, 041403 (2007). [ARCHIVE]
11. "Magnetospectroscopy of Epitaxial Graphene", M.L. Sadowski, G. Martinez, M. Potemski, C. Berger, and W.A. De Heer International Journal of Modern Physics B 21 (8/9), 1145-1154 (2007). [ARCHIVE]
12. "Weak anti-localization in epitaxial graphene", X. Wu, X. Li, Z. Song, C. Berger, W.A. de Heer Physical Review Letters 98, 136801 (2007). [ARCHIVE]
13. "Infrared Magnetospectroscopy of Two-dimensional Electrons in Epitaxial Graphene", M.L. Sadowski, G. Martinez, M. Potemski, C. Berger, and W.A. de Heer Int. Conf. Phys. Semiconductors, Vienna '06 (2006). [ARCHIVE]
14. "Electronic Confinement and Coherence in Patterned Epitaxial Graphene", C Berger, Z. Song, X. Li, X. Wu, N. Brown, C. Naud, D. Mayou, T. Li, J. Hass, A. N. Marchenkov, E. H. Conrad, P. N. First, W. A. de Heer Science 3012, 1191 (2006).
15. "Highly-ordered graphene for two dimensional electronics", J. Hass, C. A. Jeffrey, R. Feng, T. Li, X. Li, Z. Song, C. Berger, W. A. de Heer, P. N. First, E. H. Conrad Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 143106 (2006). [ARCHIVE]
16. "Landau level-spectroscopy of ultra-thin graphite layers", M. Sadowski, G. Martinez, M. Potemski, C. Berger, W.A. de Heer Physical Review Letters 97,266,605 (2006). [ARCHIVE]
17. "Synthesis and characterization of atomically thin graphite films on a silicon carbide substrate", E. Rollings, G.-H. Gweon, S.Y. Zhou, B.S. Mun, J.L. McChesney, B.S. Hussain, A.V. Fedorov, P.N. First, W.A. de Heer, A. Lanzara Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 67, 2172-2177 (2006). [ARCHIVE]
18. "Ultrathin epitaxial graphite: 2D electron gas properties and a route toward graphene-based nanoelectronics", C. Berger, Z. Song, T. Li, X. Li, A. Y. Ogbazghi, R. Feng, Z. Dai, A. N. Marchenkov, E. H. Conrad, P. N. First, W. A. de Heer J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 19912 (2004). [ARCHIVE]
19. "Liquid carbon, carbon-glass beads, and the crystallization of carbon nanotubes", Walt A. de Heer, P. Poncharal, C. Berger, J. Gezo, Z. Song, J. Bettini, D Ugarte Science 307, 907 (2005).
20. "Comment on Geometrical Dependence of High-Bias Current in Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes", W.A. de Heer, C. Berger, P. Poncharal, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 259701, (2004).
21. "Spin uncoupling in free Nb clusters: Support for nascent superconductivity,"R. Moro, S.Y. Yin, X.S. Xu, W.A. de Heer, Phys. Rev. Lett 93, 086803 (2004).
22. "Nanotubes and the pursuit of applications," W.A. de Heer, MRS Bulletin 29, 281 (2004).
23. "Contacts, non-linear transport effects and failure in multi-walled carbon nanotubes,"C. Berger, Y. Yi, J. Gezo, P. Poncharal, W.A. de Heer, New J. Physics, 158, (2003).
24. "Ballistic conduction in multiwalled carbon nanotubes,"C. Berger, P. Poncharal, Y. Yi, W.A. de de Heer, Nanotech Nanosci 3 171, (2003).
    "Ferroelectricity in free niobium clusters,"R. Moro, X.S. Xu, S.Y. Yin, W.A. de Heer, Science 300, 1265 (2003).
25. "Room temperature ballistic conduction in carbon nanotubes,"P. Poncharal, C. Berger, Y. Yi, Z.L. Wang, W.A. de Heer, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 12104 (2002).
26. "Carbon nanotubes - Structure and transport in nanotubes,"W.A. de Heer, Nature Materials 1, 153 (2002).
27. "Carbon Nanotubes--the Route Toward Applications" R.H. Baughman, A.A. Zakhidov, and W.A. de Heer, Science, 297, 787-792, (2002).
28. "Multiwalled carbon nanotubes are ballistic conductors at room temperature,"C. Berger, Y. Yi, Z.L. Wang, W.A. de Heer, Applied Physics A (Materials Science Processing), A 74, no.3, 363-5, (2002).
29. "In situ imaging of field emission from individual carbon nanotubes and their structural damage,"Z.L. Wang, R.P. Gao, W.A. de Heer, P. Poncharal, Applied Physics Letters 80, no.5, 856-8 (2002).
30. "A new approach towards property nanomeasurements using in-situ TEM,"Z.L. Wang, P. Poncharal, W.A. de Heer, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 589, 217-22 (2001).
31. Mechanical and electrostatic properties of carbon nanotubes and nanowires" Z.L. Wang, R.P. Gao, P. Poncharal, W.A. de Heer, Z.R. Dai, Z.W. Pan, Biomimetic and Supramolecular Systems, C16, no.1-2, 3-10 (2001).
32. "A Question of Dimensions,"W.A. de Heer, Science 289, 1702-1703 (2000).
33. "Measuring physical and mechanical properties of individual carbon nanotubes by in situ TEM"Z.L. Wang, P. Poncharal, W.A. de Heer, Journal of the Physics and Chemistry of Solids 61, no.7, 1025-30 (2000).
34. "Industry sizes up nanotubes,"W.A. de Heer, R. Martel, Physics World 13, no.6, 49-53 (2000).
35. "Nanomechanics of individual carbon nanotubes from pyrolytically grown arrays,"R. Gao, Z.L. Wang, A. Zhigang, W.A. de Heer, L. Dai, M. Gao, Physical Review Letters 85, no.3, 622-5 (2000).
36. "Nanomeasurements in transmission electron microscopy, "W.A. de Heer, Microscopy and Microanalysis 6 no.3, 224-30 ( 2000).
37. "Experimental specific heat of iron, cobalt, and nickel clusters studied in a molecular beam" A. Hirt, D. Gerion, I.M.L. Billas, A. Chatelain, W.A. de Heer, Physical Review B 62, no.11, 7491-501 (2000).
38. "Electrostatic Deflections and Electromechanical Resonances of Carbon Nanotubes", P. Poncharal, Z. L. Wang, D. Ugarte, and W. A. de Heer, Science 283, 1513-1516 (1999).
39. "Field Emission from Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Films", J. M. Bonard, J. P. Salvetat, T. Stockli, W. A. de Heer, and A. Chatelain, Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 918-920 (1998).
40. "Filling Carbon Nanotubes", D. Ugarte, T. Stockli, J. M. Bonard, A. Chatelain, and W. A. de Heer, Appl. Phys. A-Materials 67, 101-105 (1998).
41. "Field Emission Properties of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes", J. M. Bonard, F. Maier, T. Stockli, A. Chatelain, W. A. de Heer, J. P. Salvetat, and L. Forro, Ultramicroscopy 73, 7-15 (1998).
42. "Field-Emission-Induced Luminescence from Carbon Nanotubes", J. M. Bonard, T. Stockli, F. Maier, W. A. de Heer, A. Chatelain, J. P. Salvetat, and L. Forro, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 441-444 (1998).
43. "Carbon Nanotube Quantum Resistors", S. Frank, P. Poncharal, Z. L. Wang, and W. A. de Heer, Science 280, 1744-1746 (1998).
44. "Electron Field Emitters Based on Carbon Nanotube Films", W. A. de Heer, J.-M. Bonard, K. Fauth, A. Chatelain, L. Forro, and D. Ugarte, Adv. Mater. 9, 87-89 (1997).
45. "Electronic Properties of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes", O. Chauvet, L. Forro, L. Zuppiroli, and W. A. de Heer, Synthetic Metals 86, 2311-12 (1997).
46. "The Optical Response of Carbon Nanotubes", F. Bommeli, L. Degiorgi, P. Wachter, W. S. Bacsa, W. A. de Heer, and L. Forro, Synthetic Metals 86, 2307-8 (1997).
47. "The Worlds Tiniest Tubes", W. A. de Heer, The World and I, August (1997).
48. "Magnetism of Fe, Co and Ni Clusters in Molecular Beams", I. M. L. Billas, A. Chatelain, and W. A. de Heer, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 168, 64-84 (1997).
49. "Hall Effect and Magnetoresistance of Carbon Nanotube Films", G. Baumgartner, M. Carrard, L. Zuppiroli, W. S. Bacsa, W. A. de Heer, and L. Forro, Phys. Rev. B 55, 6704-7 (1997).
50. "Fractional Quantum Conductance in Gold Nanowires", W. A. de Heer, S. Frank, and D. Ugarte, Zeitschrift fur Physik B 104, 469-473 (1997).
51. "Purification and Size-Selection of Carbon Nanotubes", J. M. Bonard, T. Stora, J. P. Salvetat, F. Maier, T. Stockli, C. Duschl, L. Forro, W. A. de Heer, and A. Chatelain, Advanced Materials 9, 827-831 (1997).
52. "Thermal Properties of Ferromagnetic Clusters", A. Hirt, D. Gerion, I. M. L. Billas, A. Chatelain, and W. A. de Heer, Zeitschrift fur Physik D 40, 160-163 (1997).
53. "Carbon Nanotube Films: Electronic Properties and Their Application as Field Emitters", W. A. de Heer, J. M. Bonard, T. Stockli, A. Chatelain, L. Forro, and D. Ugarte, Zeitschrift fur Physik D 40, 418-420 (1997).
54. "Electronic Properties of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes", O. Chavet, L. Forro, L. Zuppiroli, and W. A. de Heer, Synthetic Metals 86, 2311-2312 (1997).
55. "Fractional Conductance in Gold Nanowires", W. A. de Heer, S. Frank, and D. Ugarte, Z. Physik B 104, 469 (1997).
56. "Evidence of Anisotropic Metallic Behaviour in the Optical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes", F. Bommeli, L. Degiorgi, P. Wachter, W. A. Bacsa, W. A. de Heer, and L. Forro, Solid State Commun. 99, 513-17 (1996).
57. "Graphitic Nanotubes and Aligned Nanotubes Films", D. Ugarte, W. S. Bacsa, L. Forro, and W. A. de Heer, Brazilian Journal of Physics 26, 123-7 (1996).
58. "A Carbon Nanotube/Organic Semiconducting Polymer Heterojunction", D. B. Romero, M. Carrard, W. A. de Heer, and L. Zuppiroli, Adv. Mater. 8, 899-902 (1996).
59. "Nanocaplillarity and Chemistry in Carbon Nanotubes", D. Ugarte, A. Chatelain, and W. A. de Heer, Science 274, 1897 (1996).
60. "The Optical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes", F. Bommeli, L. Degiorgi, P. Wachter, W. S. Bacsa, W. A. de Heer, and L. Forro,Proceedings of the International Winterschool on Electronic Properties of Novel Materials, Fullerenes and Fullerene Nanostructures, Published by World Scientific, Singapore, editors, H. Kuzmany, J. Fink, M. Mehring, and S. Roth, 638, 238-42 (1996).
61. "Physical Properties of Aligned Carbon Nanotube Films", W. A. de Heer, O. Chauvet, G. Baumgartner, W. S. Bacsa, D. Ugarte, and L. Forro, Proceedings of the International Winterschool on Electronic Properties of Novel Materials, Fullerenes and Fullerene Nanostructures, Published by World Scientific, Singapore, editors, H. Kuzmany, J. Fink, M. Mehring, and S. Roth, 638, 215-25 (1996).
62. "Magnetic and Thermal Properties of Fe, Co and Ni Clusters in a Molecular Beam", I. M. L. Billas, D. Gerion, A. Hirt, A. Chatelain, and W. A. de Heer, Proceedings of the Science and Technology of Atomically Engineered Materials, Published by World Scientific, Singapore, editors, P. Jena, S. N. Khanna, and B. K. Rao, 647, 341-9 (1996).
63. "Evidence of Anisotropic Metallic Behaviour in the Optical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes", F. Bommeli, L. Degiorgi, P. Wachter, W. S. Bacsa, W. A. de Heer, and L. Forro, Solid State Commun. 99, 513-17 (1996).
64. "ESR Study of Potassium-Doped Aligned Carbon Nanotubes", O. Chauvet, G. Baumgartner, M. Carrard, W. S. Bacsa, D. Ugarte, W. A. de Heer, and L. Forro, Phys. Rev. B 53, 13996-9 (1996).
65. "Optical Properties of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes", W. S. Bacsa and W. A. de Heer, in Physics and Chemistry of Fullerenes and Derivatives, Proceedings of the International Winterschool on Electronic Properties of Novel Materials, xvi+589, 574-7 (1995).
66. "Aligned Nanotube Films: Production and Optical and Electronic Properties", W. A. de Heer, W. Bacsa, T. gerfin, R. Humphrey Baker, L. Forro, and D. Ugarte, Science 268, 845 (1995).
67. "An Untrathin Carbon Nanotube Film Field Emitter", W. A. de Heer, A. Chatelain, and D. Ugarte, Patent Applied for, July (1995).
68. "ESR and Susceptibilities of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes: Anisotropies and Evidence for Low Temperature Localization", O. Chauvet, L. Forro, W. Bacsa, D. Ugarte, B. Doudin, and W. A. de Heer, Phys. Rev. B 52, R6963 (1995).
69. "Magnetic Anisotropies of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes", O. Chauvet, L. Forro, W. Bacsa, D. Ugarte, B. Doudin, and W. A. de Heer, Phys. Rev. B (Condensed Matter) Vol. 52, No. 10, R6963-6 (1995).
70. "A Carbon Nanotube Field-Emission Electron Source", W. A. de Heer, A. Chatelain, and D. Ugarte, Science 270, 1179-80 (1995).
71. "Magnetic Properties of Small Iron Systems: From Ferromagnetic Resonance of Precipitated Particles in Silica to Stern-Gerlach Deflections in Molecular Beam", I. M. L. Billas, W. A. de Heer, and A. Chatelain, J. Non-Cryst. Solids (Netherlands), Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, Vol. 179, 316-23 (1994).
72. "Magnetism From the Atom to the Bulk in Nickel, Cobalt and Iron Clusters", I. M. L. Billas, A. Chatelain, and W. A. de Heer, Science 265, 1682 (1994).
73. "Magnetic Properties of Small Transition Metal Clusters", W. A. de Heer and I. M. L. Billas, in New Trends in Magnetism, Magnetic Materials, and Their Applications, edited by J. L. Moran Lopez and J. M. Sanchez, Plenum Press, New York (1994).
74. "High Resolution Electron Microscope and Inelastic Light Scattering of Purified Multishelled Carbon Nanotubes", W. S. Bacsa, D. Ugarte, A. Chatelain, and W. A. de Heer, Phys. Rev. B 50, 15473 (1994).
75. "Carbon Onions Produced by Heat Treatment of Carbon Soot and Their Relation to the 217.5 nm Interstellar Absorption Feature", W. A. de Heer and D. Ugarte, Chem. Phys. Lett. 207, 480 (1993).
76. "Generation of Graphitic Onions", D. Ugarte and W. A. de Heer, Springer Series in Solid State Sciences 117, 78 (1993).
77. "Raman Spectroscopy of Closed-Shell Carbon Particles, W. S. Bacsa, W. A. de Heer, D. Ugarte, and A. Chatelain, Chem. Phys. Lett. 211, 346 (1993).
78. "Magnetic Properties of Iron Clusters in a Molecular Beam: Resolution of a Controversy", W. A. de Heer and I. M. L. Billas, Z. fur Phys. D 26, 325 (1993).
79. "Magnetic Properties of Iron Clusters in a Molecular Beam", W. A. de Heer, J. A. Becker, I. M. L. Billas, P. Milani, and A. Chatelain, in Clusters and Fullerenes, V. Cumar, T. P. Martin, and E. Tosatti (eds.) p. 149, World Scientific Publishers, New Jersey (1993).
80. "The Physics of Simple Metal Clusters", W. A. de Heer, Rev. Mod. Phys. 65, 611 (1993).
81. "Magnetic Moments of Iron Clusters with 25 to 700 Atoms and Their Dependence on Temperature", I. M. L. Billas, J. A. Becker, A. Chatelain, and W. A. de Heer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 4067 (1993).
82. "Magnetic Properties of Small Transition Metal Clusters", W. A. de Heer, Invited Review 1992, Jena editor, submitted).
83. "Ferromagnetism of Iron and Nickel Clusters in a Molecular Beam", J. Becker and W. A. de Heer, Ber. der Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 30, 1239 (1992).
84. "Simple Models for Metal Clusters", W. A. de Heer, in Clustering Phenomena in Atoms and Nuclei, M. Brenner, T. Lonnroth and F. B. Malik, eds., Springer Verlag, Berlin (1992) p. 14.
85. "Electronic Properties of Aluminum Clusters Compared with the Jellium Model", P. Milani, W. A. de Heer, and A. Chatelain, Zeitschrift fur Physik D 19, 133 (1991).
86. "Large Ion Volume Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometer with Position and Velocity-Sensitive Detection Capabilities for Cluster Beams", W. A. de Heer and P. Milani, Rev. Sci. Instr. 62, 670 (1991).
87. "A Novel Position-Sensitive Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometer and Improved Laser Vaporization Cluser Source", W. A. de Heer and P. Milani, Zeitschrift fur Physik D 20, 437 (1991).
88. "Magnetic Properties of Free Alkali and Transition Metal Clusters", W. A. de Heer, P. Milani, and A. Chatelain, Zeitschrift fur Physik D 19, 241 (1991).
89. "Pulsed Laser Generation of Intense Atomic and Cluster Beams", P. Milani and W. A. de Heer, Proceedings of Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy and its Application (RIS 90) IOP Conference Series 114, 117, Adam Hilger Publ. (1991).
90. "Magnetic Properties of Small Iron Clusters in a Molecular Beam", W. A. de Heer, P. Milani, and A. Chatelain, Z. fur Phys.-Chemie 169, 63 (1991).
91. "Pseudo Spin-Relaxation in Ferromagnetic Clusters", P. Ballone, P. Milani, and W. A. de Heer, Phys. Rev. B 44, 10350 (1991).
92. "Relative Thermometer for Neutral Clusters Produced in Laser Vaporization Sources", P. Milani and W. A. de Heer, Phys. Rev. B 44, (1991).
93. "Surface and Crystal Field Effects on the Metallic Properties of Small Systems", P. Milani, W. A. de Heer, J. P. Bucher, J. J. van der Klink, and A. Chatelain, Physica Scripta T 35, 150 (1991).
94. "Improved Laser Vaporization Cluster Source", P. Milani, and W. A. de Heer, Rev. Sci. Instr. 61, 1835 (1990).
95. "Spin Relaxation in Free Iron Clusters", W. A. de Heer, P. Milani, and A. Chatelain, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 488 (1990).
96. "Comment on Photoionization of Mass-Selected Kn+ Ions", W. A. de Heer and P. Milani, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 3356 (1990).
97. "Static Polarizabilities of Free Aluminum Clusters", P. Milani and W. A. de Heer, Proc. of SASP, editor, T. D. Mark (Studia, Innsbruck) 393 (1990).
98. "Experimental and Theoretical Polarizabilities of Al and Al2", P. Milani, I. Moullet, and W. A. de Heer, Phys. Rev. A 42, 5150 (1990).
99. "Investigation of Surface Plasma Resonances in Small Sodium Clusters", K. Selby, M. Vollmer, J. Masui, V. Kresin, W. A. de Heer, and W. D. Knight, Z. Phys. D 12, 477 (1989).
100. "Surface Plasma Resonances in Free Metal Clusters", K. Selby, M. Vollmer, J. Masui, V. Kresin, W. A. de Heer, and W. D. Knight, Phys. Rev. B 40, 5417 (1989).
101. "Non-Jellium to Jellium Transition in Aluminum Cluster Polarizabilities", W. A. de Heer, P. Milani, and A. Chatelain, Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 2834 (1989).
102. "Measurements of Metal Cluster Polarizabilities", P. Milani. A. Chatelain, and W. A. de Heer, Helv. Phys. Acta 62, 840 (1989).
103. "Collective Dipole Resonances in Small Sodium Clusters", W. A. de Heer, K. Selby, V. Kresin, M. Vollmer, A. Chatelain, and W. D. Knight, Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 1805 (1987).
104. "Electronic Shell Structure and Metal Clusters", W. A. de Heer, W. D. Knight, M. Y. Chou, and M. L. Cohen, in Solid State Physics, edited by F. Seitz and D. Turnbull (Academic, New York) Vol. 40, p. 93 (1987).
105. "Alkali Metal Clusters and the Jellium Model", W. D. Knight, W. A. de Heer, W. A. Saunders, K. Clemenger, M. Y. Chou, and M. L. Cohen, Chem. Phys. Lett. 134, 1 (1987).
106. "Physics of Metal Clusters", M. L. Cohen, M. Y. Chou, W. D. Knight, and W. A. de Heer, J. Phys. Chem. 91, 3141 (1987).
107. "Spectroscopy of Metal Clusters", W. D. Knight, W. A. de Heer, and W. A. Saunders, Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on the Physics of Small Systems (Berlin, Springer Verlag, 1987) p. 15.
108. "Shell Structure and Response Properties of Metal Clusters", W. D. Knight, W. A. de Heer, and W. A. Saunders, Z. Phys. D 3, 109 (1986).
109. "Electronic Shell Structure in Potassium Clusters", W. D. Knight, K. Clemenger, W. A. de Heer, and W. A. Saunders, Solid State Commun. 35, 445 (1985).
110. "Polarizability of Alkali Clusters", W. D. Knight, K. Clemenger, W. A. de Heer, and W. A. Saunders, Phys. Rev. B 31, 2539 (1985).
111. "Avoided Crossings and the Magnetism of Alkali Clusters", W. A. de Heer, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, CA (1985).
112. "Photoionization and Shell Structure of Potassium Clusters", W. A. Saunders, K. Clemenger, W. A. de Heer, and W. D. Knight, Phys. Rev. B 32, 1366 (1985).
113. "Electronic Shell Structure and Abundances of Sodium Clusters", W. D. Knight, K. Clemenger, W. A. de Heer, W. A. Saunders, M. Y. Chou, and Marvin L. Cohen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 2141 (1984).