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An Oasis Inside a Living Learning Community

Friday, January 11, 2019

By Mallory Rosten, Communications Assistant

If you wander behind West Village, the dining hall that doubles as a community center on West campus, you’ll find twin residence halls Folk and Caldwell. They look the same as other dorms on quiet West campus, but looks can be deceiving.

Inside lives a buzzing community of young scientists and mathematicians, bonded together by curiosity and chemistry labs. In the basement, students would excitedly work together to solve a problem on the white board walls, late at night before a test. In the lounges, students might vigorously debate whether a hot dog is a sandwich, citing scientific sources and data.

These students are part of the College of Sciences’ Living Learning Community, or LLC. Formerly two separate LLCs, SHaRP (Science Health and Related Professions) and SMaRT (Science and Math Research Training), the program is now known as Explore. The staff found that the two LLCS often overlapped: pre-health students were interested in research, research students were interested in pre-health, and the students spent so much time together that there was no need for division.

By housing science and math majors together in their first year of college, Explore hopes to foster a community and create an identity around science and mathematics.

Jennifer Leavey, Explore’s faculty director, was a Tech undergrad herself. “I had no idea there even was a College of Sciences,” she says. “For such a long time the campus was so dominated by engineers, there wasn’t much of an identity for science and math majors.” Explore, she says, is for “the kids who are curious, the kids who like to wear NASA T-shirts.”

Explore hosts 280 students who want more from dorm life than the usual first-year experience. By joining Explore, science- and math-oriented students can live together, take classes together, and distract themselves from their studies together. It’s also a place of discovery where students can find the field that fits them best, which is why the new name is particularly apt.

 “To think that a 16- or 17-year-old is going to stick with the major they chose when they applied is unrealistic and a little stifling,” says Emma Blandford, Explore’s assistant director. “To see them step back a little bit and see the other things out there and explore other opportunities is a breath of fresh air.”

A Place of Discovery
When Hudson Moss began his freshman year, he was sure that he wanted to major in biochemistry. But when Moss watched Kim Cobb give a talk on her 2016 expedition to Holiday Island, he knew immediately that he wanted to work with her.

Cobb is a professor in the School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. “It was really cool, the way that she talked about paleoclimate and how we can approach climate changes as a community and as a country,” Moss says. His chance came when he had to interview a professor for his SMaRT GT 1000 class. He knew exactly whom to choose.

“I managed to slip in that I wanted to work for her at some point,” Moss says, and that first meeting ignited a research path that continues today. He started attending Cobb’s lab meetings.  By the end of his second semester, Moss had started working in Cobb’s lab and officially switched his major to Earth and atmospheric sciences. He still works there today and is on his way to becoming the first author of a study mapping the 19th-century climate of the equatorial Pacific.

“That initial bump that SMaRT gave me to go interview a professor, to get out there and talk to faculty – that was huge,” Moss says. It forced him to be comfortable talking to an expert like Cobb. Now, he says, he can strike a conversation with any faculty member.

Living, Learning, and Thriving
In addition to offering LLC-specific first-year seminar classes for their students, the LLC reserves chemistry labs and even English sections so that their students are connected with the community throughout the day.

When they come home from class, the students organize stress relief activities, like cookie and milk breaks and Halloween parties. Recently, 30 students went to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to learn about the refugee crisis through the lens of public health.

At the start of every school year, the students go on a retreat where they climb ropes, solve escape rooms, and attend panels for advice about undergraduate research.

“They can go out and go to class and do work and they can come home – it’s their own little oasis,” Blandford says, “My hope is that the community they’re developing here is not isolating them from the rest of Tech, but helping them to feel supported to go out and try new things.”

Because Moss is now a second-year student, he is no longer officially part of the LLC, but he still goes back to give talks to the students, helping them figure out their own paths. 

Alumni can also work as student assistants in the program, helping to coordinate activities, and as team leaders.

The biggest indicator of the program’s success, Blandford says, is the fact that 50% of students signed up to continue living with “smarties and sharpies” in the Eighth Street apartments across the street from Folk and Caldwell.

“They liked each other enough that they wanted to stay in this community again for another year,” Blandford says. She sees this preference as a sign that these students truly feel supported by one another.

All Together Now
“I didn’t expect everyone to come together as quickly as they did,” Bryan Gomez, a biochemistry and neuroscience major in what was formerly SHaRP, admits. “The first couple weeks, everyone was still getting to know each other, but once classes hit the ground and midterm week hit, it was like we’re all in this together.”

Gomez is still in his first year, but he started as a summer freshman. Now he works as a marketing student assistant for Explore.

He credits the LLC for the ease of his transition to college life. “They provide resources to get help when I’ve needed it and when everyone else has needed it,” he says.

Leavey wishes Explore were around when she was a Tech undergrad. “My son wants to be in the program when he goes to college,” Leavey says, laughing.

Media Contact: 

A. Maureen Rouhi, Ph.D.
Director of Communications
College of Sciences

Summary: 

Science and math students live, learn, study, and research together in Explore, the College of Science's Living Learning Community. 

Intro: 

Science and math students live, learn, study, and research together in Explore, the College of Science's Living Learning Community. 

Alumni: 

Abstract The creation of the elements in the universe took billions of years and required various processes. The first few minutes of the big bang produced only hydrogen (H) and helium (He). No new elements were formed until a few hundred million years later when the first generation of stars were born and they started fusing H and He into slightly higher-mass elements, such as carbon and oxygen. Various fusion reactions by multiple generations of stars eventually created elements up to iron (Fe). However, normal stars cannot produce elements beyond Fe. Creation of elements heavier than Fe required the cataclysmic explosions of supernovas. These violent deaths of massive stars not only completed the natural elements in the periodic table. They also enabled human life, because certain life processes require heavy elements. About the Speaker James “Jim” Sowell is an astronomer at Georgia Tech and the director of the Georgia Tech Observatory. He has taught Georgia Tech’s two Introductory Astronomy courses for 27 years and the advanced Stellar Astrophysics course for 20 years. He won the inaugural CETL Undergraduate Educator Award in 2009. He often performs public outreach and education, including the widely popular, monthly Public Nights at the Observatory; presentations at schools; and workshops for K-12 teachers. He developed the Aloha Telescope. This remotely controlled facility in Hawaii allows Atlanta area K-12 teachers and students to view live images of the Moon during regular school hours. Sowell earned B.S. and M.S. degrees from Vanderbilt University and a Ph.D. from the University of Michigan. He joined Georgia Tech in 1989. About Frontiers in Science Lectures Lectures in this series are intended to inform, engage, and inspire students, faculty, staff, and the public on developments, breakthroughs, and topics of general interest in the sciences and mathematics. Lecturers tailor their talks for nonexpert audiences.

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Bio

Jochen Guck received his PhD in Physics from the University of Texas at Austin in 2001. After being a junior group leader at the University of Leipzig, Germany, he moved to the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge University, UK, as a Lecturer in 2007 and was promoted to Reader in 2009. In 2012 he became Professor of Cellular Machines at the Technische Universität Dresden, Germany. As of October last year he is now director at the Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Light and the Max-Planck Center for Physics and Medicine in Erlangen, Germany. His research centers on the investigation of the physical properties of cells and tissues in order to test their biological importance. The ultimate goal is the transfer of findings to medical application. He has authored over 100 peer-reviewed publications and four patents. His work has been recognized by several awards, including the Cozzarelli Award in 2008, the Paterson Prize in 2011, and an Alexander-von-Humboldt Professorship in 2012.

Abstract

The mechanical properties of cells have long been heralded as a label-free, inherent marker of biological function in health and disease. Wide-spread utilization has so far been impeded by the lack of a simple and convenient measurement technique with sufficient throughput. To address this need, we have introduced real-time deformability cytometry (RT-DC) for the continuous mechanical single-cell characterization of large populations (> 100,000 cells) with analysis rates up to 1,000 cells/s, approaching that of conventional fluorescence-based flow cytometers. Using RT-DC we can sensitively detect cytoskeletal alterations, distinguish cell cycle phases, track hematopoietic stem cell differentiation into distinct lineages and characterize cell‑populations in whole blood by their mechanical fingerprint. Our results indicate that cell mechanics can define cell function, can be used as an inherent cell marker and could serve as target for novel therapies. Mechanical phenotyping adds a new functional, marker-free dimension to flow cytometry with diverse applications in biology, biotechnology and medicine.

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Abstract

The heart is an electro-mechanical system in which, under normal conditions, electrical waves propagate in a coordinated manner to initiate an efficient contraction. In pathologic states, single and multiple rapidly rotating spiral waves of electrical activity can appear and generate complex spatiotemporal patterns of activation that inhibit contraction and can be lethal if untreated. Computational techniques have helped in explaining how these three-dimensional scroll waves underlie many cardiac arrhythmias, but limitations associated with making observations in the thickness of cardiac muscle have hindered a detailed understanding of the specific mechanisms responsible for reentrant wave formation and breakup.

To further this effort, we apply data assimilation, a technique commonly used in weather forecasting, to recover the three-dimensional dynamics of reentrant waves in the heart. Specifically, our approach combines feasible dual-surface observations from a particular experiment with predictions from a numerical model to reconstruct the full three-dimensional time series of the experiment. In this talk, our implementation uses model-generated surrogate observations from a numerical experiment to evaluate the performance of an ensemble Kalman filter in reconstructing such time series for complex dynamical states including three-dimensional scroll waves. We show that our approach is able to recover time series of both observed and unobserved variables matching the truth. Where nearby observations are available, the error is reduced below the synthetic observation error, with a smaller reduction with increased distance from observations.

Our findings demonstrate that state reconstruction for spatiotemporally complex cardiac electrical dynamics is possible and has the potential for successful application to real experimental data. To conclude this talk, we briefly describe several other avenues of research and computational methods developed to solve problems that intersect mathematics, physics, and physiology.

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Abstract

Designing fast and energy efficient memories is considered as very important and yet unsolved challenge for future beyond Moore exascale and quantum computing. One of the major technologies considered for such memories is technology based on superconducting Josephson junctions. While superconducting single flux quantum (SFQ) digital logic circuits show promise to significantly advance performance in variety of applications, designing random access memory (RAM) for superconducting circuits still poses a significant challenge. A variety of designs have been proposed including memories based on single flux quantum digital logic, hybrid superconducting CMOS designs, magnetic Josephson junction RAMS, and others. Some of the main challenges (and also expectations) in developing superconducting memory are significantly reducing power dissipation, increasing access speed, and also reducing the size of the chip.

In our talk, we will review the current state of the art of cryogenic memory designs and will present our proposed memory cell design that is based on the dynamics of small coupled arrays of Josephson junctions. In such a design, write, read, and reset operations can be executed on the same basic circuit. The operating principles of the proposed design refer to the existence of multiple stable states that may exist in coupled nonlinear arrays of Josephson junctions. Multiple states in a Josephson junction array can be simultaneously stable, and transitions between these states can be achieved by incrementally varying accessible parameters of the system or by applying an external pulse. Write, read, and reset operations may be executed from the same or different junctions, depending on the mode of operation. When no memory operations (read, write, reset) are implemented in the circuit, the voltage of each junction is zero and consequently energy dissipation is minimal (energy will dissipate mainly at the time of memory access operations). Moreover, if the circuit operation mode and parameter set are chosen appropriately then both memory access times and energies can be simultaneously minimized. The proposed memory cell design allows for multivalued memory operations and recently we have demonstrated operation of ternary memory cells.

Our proposed cryogenic memory cell circuits were recently fabricated and tested. Experimental results show excellent resemblance with the presented memory cell operational logic and also show an excellent fit with WRspice simulations of the memory cell circuit that includes memory cell and all the circuit peripherals.

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Year-Round Cheers for the Periodic Table @ Georgia Tech

Tuesday, January 8, 2019

By Laura Mast, Contributing Writer

A unique treat awaits fans at the Yellow Jackets’ Jan. 22 men’s basketball home game. The Georgia Tech team will battle Notre Dame’s Fighting Irish for the hoops amid element cards, games, and prizes to celebrate 2019, the International Year of the Periodic Table of the Chemical Elements.  

Born 150 years ago, the periodic table is one of the most important and recognizable tools of science. To celebrate the table’s staying power, the United Nations proclaimed 2019 as the International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements.

At Georgia Tech, the College of Sciences is leading an all-year-round celebration, #IYPT2019GT. It has partnered with other units to engage students, faculty, and staff in reconnecting with the periodic table, through athletics, art, and academics.

Kicking off the celebration is “The Periodic Table at Georgia Tech vs Notre Dame” men’s basketball match on Jan. 22. Partnering with Georgia Tech Athletics, the College of Sciences will bring #IYPT2019GT to McCamish Pavilion. Fans will have a chance to play games with the periodic table and element cards featuring the Yellow Jackets basketball team and Georgia Tech researchers. Prizes await lucky winners.  

"This kick-off event for Georgia Tech's year-long celebration of the periodic table is a great opportunity to bring chemistry to the public's attention and to illustrate its relevance to all of us – scientists, sports fans, and athletes," says David Collard, the College of Sciences' interim dean.

“Georgia Tech Athletics is proud to partner with the College of Sciences to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the periodic table of elements,” Director Todd Stansbury says. “Such a collaboration is uniquely ‘Georgia Tech,’ as we offer our student-athletes the opportunity to compete at the highest level of collegiate athletics, while they receive an education at one of the nation’s leading research universities. We celebrate this combination, as it has proven to produce young people who change the world.”

Brief History of the Periodic Table
Using a set of notecards à la classic card game solitaire, Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev sorted and resorted the cards, each representing one element, trying to find a pattern using the elements’ weights and properties. He cracked the code after several sleepless days.

For decades before Mendeleev, scientists had been searching for patterns in the elements. Many other arrangements had been proposed, including one cylindrical design. Mendeleev succeeded where others failed – his table correctly placed more elements than any other.

Critically, too, Mendeleev’s table left gaps for elements yet to be discovered. His table included just over 50 elements, and it wasn’t imminently clear: Were there more elements? How many?

As we now know, many more elements came to light. Thanks to those empty spaces, Mendeleev’s powerful theoretical tool predicted newcomers with startling success. His spot-on predictions of hypothetical elements’ basic properties – atomic mass, atomic number, and reactivity – guided researchers into discovering new elements.

Major changes to Mendeleev’s design occurred as more elements were discovered. For example, the discovery of the noble gases in the 1890s led to the addition of an entirely new column (also called a group). The lanthanides and actinides, those two rows (or periods) at the bottom, were placed below the existing table to retain its basic shape. The periodic table is still being updated to this day: elements 113, 115, 117, and 118 were added in November 2016.

#IYPT2019GT Activities and Events
Every week, the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry will highlight two elements in social media through videos and haikus. And every month, a student, faculty, or staff will expound on a favorite element in a short video.

The periodic table and chemical elements will be a topic in Georgia Tech’s GT 1000 and various Writing & Communication courses. Classes in the School of Music and the School of Industrial Design will use the periodic table as inspiration for projects. The 2019 Clough Art Crawl will have a special section and prizes for submissions inspired by the periodic table or chemical elements.

In February, the Frontiers in Science Lecture Series on the periodic table will commence. Lectures will explore topics from the origin of the chemical elements to the economic, societal, and geopolitical consequences of elements yet undiscovered or in scarce supply. Among the lecturers is bestselling author Sam Kean. His book “The Disappearing Spoon” reveals the periodic table as a treasure trove of passion, adventure, betrayal, and obsession.

Here is a partial list of events. Full information is available at periodictable.gatech.edu.

  • January 22 The Periodic Table at Georgia Tech vs Notre Dame. Go Yellow Jackets!
  • February
    • Frontiers in Science: How the Universe Made the Elements
    • Water, in Three Movements, Georgia Tech Laptop Orchestra, School of Music
  • March
    • Frontiers in Science: Celebrating Silicon: Its Success, Hidden History, and Next Act
    • Periodic Table and the Chemical Elements in Clough Art Crawl
    • Periodic Table and the Chemical Elements in Atlanta Science Festival Expo
  • April
    • Frontiers in Science: Mathematical Mysteries of the Periodic Table
    • Frontiers in Science: The Periodic Table: A Treasure Trove of Passion, Adventure, Betrayal, and Obsession
  • June
    • Halloween in June: Periodic Table Costume Party and Variety Show
  • August
    • Chemical Element Scavenger Hunt
  • September
    • Frontiers in Science: The Elusive End of the Periodic Table: Why Chase It?
  • October
    • Frontiers in Science: Turning Sour, Bloated, and Out of Breath: Ocean Chemistry under Global Warming
  • November
    • Frontiers in Science, The Geopolitics of the Rare and Not-So-Rare Elements
    • Periodic Table Celebration Exhibit
  • December 
    • Periodic Table Celebration Exhibit

Keep up with #IYPT2019GT by checking periodictable.gatech.edu periodically. Follow the College of Sciences on Facebook and Twitter. We look forward to celebrating #IYPT2019GT with you!

Media Contact: 

A. Maureen Rouhi, Ph.D.
Director of Communications
College of Sciences

Summary: 

A unique treat awaits fans at the Yellow Jackets’ Jan. 22 men’s basketball home game. The Georgia Tech team will battle Notre Dame’s Fighting Irish for the hoops amid element cards, games, and prizes to celebrate 2019, the International Year of the Periodic Table of the Chemical Elements.  

Intro: 

A unique treat awaits fans at the Yellow Jackets’ Jan. 22 men’s basketball home game. The Georgia Tech team will battle Notre Dame’s Fighting Irish for the hoops amid element cards, games, and prizes to celebrate 2019, the International Year of the Periodic Table of the Chemical Elements.  

Alumni: 

Abstract

The challenge of developing sustainable, safe environmentally friendly sources of energy is one of the most important scientific endeavors of the modern world.  At the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, research is being conducted in various fields of plasma physics, including the primary mission of the laboratory: the development of fusion energy as an alternative energy source. This presentation will discuss the physics of fusion plasmas, the challenges towards the goal of a fusion future, and the research opportunities available (both, at PPPL and elsewhere), including undergraduate internships as well as student and faculty workshops.

Bio

Dr. Arturo Dominguez received his bachelor’s degree in physics at the University of Texas Austin and his Ph.D. at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He did his doctoral work on development and analysis of a reflectometry system for the Alcator C-Mod Tokamak at the Plasma Science and Fusion Center at MIT. As postdoc and now a senior program leader in the PPPL Science Education Department, he has conducted research on dusty plasmas and the development of plasma demos, in particular, the merging of online learning tools and actual lab experiments.

For more information: https://www.pppl.gov/news/2013/01/arturo-dominguez-passion-teaching-about-magnetic-fusion

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Speaker's BIO

Schulmann, former director of the Einstein Papers Project and co-editor of Einstein on Politics, will discuss the interplay of politics with Albert Einstein’s concerns for human rights and the trajectory of his professional
career. How, in other words, did a groundbreaking physicist come to be known as a keeper of the world's conscience? The lecture will celebrate the 70th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Human Rights by the United Nations.

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Congratulations Fall 2018 Graduates

Wednesday, December 12, 2018

They chose to study at Georgia Tech. Once here, they discovered that the academic rigor and leading-edge science research they’ve heard so much about is true – and demands their best. Some found Tech overwhelming at times, but all succeeded.

Whether their journey started in Georgia, in another state, or in another country, our graduates discovered something else in the heart of Atlanta: the Tech experience, which involves forming new and lasting friendships, stretching out of their comfort zones, becoming part of the Georgia Tech family, and more.

Meet five graduating students from the College of Sciences. Headed in various directions—in the U.S. or overseas—each feels well-prepared for the next step in their professional life because of their Georgia Tech education. Georgia Tech helped them achieve their goals and join a larger community, one that values friendship and collaboration, as well as scholarship.

Meet five of the College of Sciences' Fall 2018 graduates:

Congratulations, Fall 2018 graduates! We can't wait to see what comes next for you! The world awaits you. 

Media Contact: 

A. Maureen Rouhi, Ph.D.
Director of Communications
College of Sciences

Summary: 

They chose to study at Georgia Tech. Once here, they discovered that the academic rigor and leading-edge science research they’ve heard so much about is true – and demands their best. Some found Tech overwhelming at times, but all succeeded.

Intro: 

They chose to study at Georgia Tech. Once here, they discovered that the academic rigor and leading-edge science research they’ve heard so much about is true – and demands their best. Some found Tech overwhelming at times, but all succeeded.

Alumni: 

Abstract

The physics of a square lattice of pseudospin-half electrons in layered iridates has been shown to be particularly rich, giving rise to a novel playground for some of the most outstanding and challenging problems in condensed matter physics, such as metal-insulator transition and quantum magnetism. Significant interests have been focused on the analogy with high-Tc cuprates due to the appealing electronic and magnetic similarities with the CuO2 plane despite the much larger spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of Ir. However, unlike the large material family of cuprates, studies on the layered iridates have been limited to a few Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) compounds.

This talk will discuss our recent work on overcoming this bottleneck by constructing different artificial variants of the two-dimensional (2D) lattice with heteroepitaxial growth of perovskite iridate. By tuning the layer dimension and the quantum confinement structure, our results show that the antiferromagnetic order and the magnetic interactions are highly sensitive to the lattice degrees of freedom. By leveraging with this structural control, we demonstrate a giant response of the 2D antiferromagnetic order to a sub-Tesla external field. This effect manifests a hidden spin rotational symmetry of the pseudospin-half lattice that was originally proposed for cuprates but never realized due to the small SOC of Cu, illustrating the power of atomic layering in exploring and revealing the intriguing SOC-driven emergent behavior beyond the cuprate phenomenology.

References:

 1. L. Hao, D. Meyers, H. Suwa, J. Yang, C. Frederick, T. R. Dasa, G. Fabbris, L. Horak, D. Kriegner, Y. Choi, J.-W. Kim, D. Haskel, P. J. Ryan, H. Xu, C. D. Batista, M.P.M. Dean, Jian Liu, Nature Physics 14, 806 (2018).

 2. D. Meyers, Y. Cao, G. Fabbris, N. J. Robinson, L. Hao, C. Frederick, N. Traynor, J. Yang, J. Lin, M. H. Upton, D. Casa, J.-W. Kim, T. Gog, E. Karapetrova, Y. Choi, D. Haskel, P. J. Ryan, L. Horak, X. Liu, Jian Liu, and M. P. M. Dean, Sci. Rep. in press.

 3. L. Hao, D. Meyers, C. Frederick, G. Fabbris, J. Y. Yang, N. Traynor, L. Horak, D. Kriegner, Y. S. Choi, J. W. Kim, D. Haskel, P. J. Ryan, M. P. M. Dean, Jian Liu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 027204 (2017). 

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